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Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS)

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GROUNDS FOR TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS

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CAN WE TRUST OUR OFFICIALS TO DO THE RIGHT THING FOR AMERICAN'S CHILDREN A Tucson Democratic lawmaker managed to stall the approval of a series of Child Protective Services reforms Thursday over concerns it could cost the state millions. State Rep. Linda Lopez says that if legislators change state law to automatically release CPS records of children who have died, Arizona will risk losing federal dollars and embarrassing innocent family members. Lopez is seeking to amend the bill so that it requires the release only of the child's name, the name of any perpetrators and the circumstances of their death. Otherwise, she said the state could risk violating the federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. She said the cost would be "significant" and in the millions, but she did not yet have a dollar figure.
 
The original bill is one of six policy changes being pushed by Rep. Jonathan Paton, R-Tucson, in response to two high-profile incidents in Southern Arizona that resulted in the deaths of two children and the presumed death of a third. Paton's bill would require CPS to "promptly" release information regarding a case of abuse or neglect in the event of a fatality or near fatality. If releasing the information might interfere with a criminal investigation, the burden would be on the county attorney to demonstrate how. Paton said this is the first time he's heard Lopez's concerns and does not believe his bill risks federal money.
 
It took a lawsuit by the Arizona Daily Star to force CPS to surrender documents under the state's Public Records Law in the cases of the three Tucson children. But Lopez said the bill goes too far. "There's information in those files about people that could be released and endanger that person or create fear in the community," Lopez said.  "I understand the public's right to know, but you also have to make sure you protect those other people." Lopez's amendment prompted Paton to pull all his bills from a scheduled floor vote in the House.
 
Although he has secured the votes needed for the bills to be approved and passed over to the Senate, Paton said it's important the bills pass with bipartisan support, and he feared Lopez's amendment could jeopardize that. "I don't think saving children should be a partisan process," Paton said. "I don't think transparency should be partisan. I want people to understand what these bills do."
 
Paton said Lopez's amendment would actually "go backward," and he believes that it could actually block a judge from releasing more than just a few details. But Lopez said her intent is for judges to still have discretion. The bills have been rescheduled for floor votes Tuesday, and Paton said he has arranged a meeting with Lopez and representatives from the attorney general's and the governor's offices.

A system beset by fragmented services and overworked employees??? hampers efforts to help the growing number of West Virginia children who are reported to be abused and neglected, a variety of officials say.  There has been a slight increase in Cabell County child abuse and neglect referrals for the past several years, to the point that child abuse cases in the county totaled 353 in November, according to Gary McMullen, community services manager for the West Virginia Bureau for Children and Families in Cabell County.  McMullen said 7,210 cases were filed statewide, according to the November report.
 
More than 100 child abuse cases made it to Cabell County circuit courts in 2007, according to Circuit Clerk Adell Chandler, and 16 cases had been reported this year as of Feb. 19.  Part of the problem may be that several agencies have a hand in trying to protect or remove children from harmful situations, and one may not always know what the other is doing or that a threat has been identified, officials say. 
 
Compounding the hurdles is that case workers are currently handling more than 30 cases at a time, about twice the recommended load, they say.  "The system really cries out for some sort of centralized management, for workers who are in charge of all of the services," said Margaret Phipps Brown, an assistant prosecutor who handles many child abuse cases in Cabell County. "Right now the designated person to do that, I think, would be the Child Protective Service worker, but they're overloaded."  An illustration of the problem occurred last month, when seven Huntington children were removed from their home. Police officers found children in dirty clothes, nine animals without sufficient food or water, and feces throughout the residence at 923 24th St., according to court documents. The children involved ranged in age from 2 to 18 years old, authorities said.
 
Police had gone to the home after receiving a tip, and charged Bobby Trout, 42, and Polly Allen Trout, 34, with felony child neglect and misdemeanor truancy.  The discovery of the children came nearly nine months after a warrant on truancy charges was issued against the Trouts because two children had missed at least 13 days of class at Cabell County's Spring Hill Elementary.  A school official said at the time that the state had removed a couple of the older children last year, but they had been allowed to return to the family.
 
Huntington Police Chief Skip Holbrook said police are not directly notified every time warrants are filed, whether they are truancy or otherwise. Warrants are filed every day by various departments and entered into a database so that the system alerts officers when a warrant exists for someone they encounter.  In the Trouts' case, police discovered the warrant when they received the tip, rather than hearing from anyone directly that a truancy problem existed in the home. 
 
Holbrook said multiple agencies were involved in the case at various stages.  "We unfortunately got involved nine months after the process began," he said.  Holbrook said if it's not a priority for Child Protective Service workers or others to notify the police, then it can't be a priority for police because they don't know about it.  Child Protective Services does not comment about specific cases, agency spokesman John Law said last month.  Brown said she wishes there were more "comprehensive mechanisms" for solving child abuse and neglect.
 
Cases are reviewed by a variety of people, including case workers, service providers and judges. Investigations are handled by in-take workers. Two groups of case workers handle cases accepted by the Department of Health and Human Resources, according to Hope Smith, social services coordinator for DHHR Cabell district. One group of case workers handles cases involved in court, and cases could move to different people throughout the building as they develop, she said.
 
Brown said department workers also provide families and children with things such as counseling, behavioral or mental health services provided outside DHHR.  "We've got two or three or four groups working with the family and interested in what's going on and trying to communicate with others," she said. "It is a problem because there are so many cases that it's difficult for Child Protective Service workers, for service providers, for school personnel to meet on a regular basis about this particular child. Sometimes, we don't get information as quickly as we would like."
 
At the same time, law enforcement might also be involved with the family, Brown said, and other parties may or may not know of that involvement for some time. Not everyone seems to understand the roles of workers in other agencies, she said.  Brown added that "tremendous responsibility" is placed on CPS workers to keep children safe, but workers aren't given the resources they need. She said Cabell County is also seeing far more referrals than it did when she started 20 years ago.  McMullen said it's a constant struggle to retain and recruit CPS workers.
 
Cabell County has 19 CPS positions, two of which are currently vacant. Another of those 19 is a new hire, and two others are in training, which takes six to nine months. That leaves available workers with 32 cases to carry per month, McMullen said. The recommended caseload is 15.  He said the state's lack of qualified social workers is also a challenge, and DHHR and legislators have been working to improve their pay to aid in recruiting.
 
Brown said negative public sentiment can also hinder the process, as many people say family matters belong in the family and even some professionals give cases lower priority, perhaps because they just don't want to hear about them.  "Nothing seems to work, so I think the predictable response is we get frustrated with it and we want to throw up our hands," she said.
 
Jim McKay, state coordinator for Prevent Child Abuse West Virginia (a project of Huntington's nonprofit TEAM for West Virginia Children), said he thinks CPS workers have made progress over the past few years, and their interventions often help families by triggering support services like substance abuse treatment. He agreed that the state's system is overburdened and lacks resources.  Still, he said more emphasis is needed on prevention efforts, such as in-home family education programs.  One thing Brown hopes will continue to be developed is the regular, across-discipline case discussion. She said officials get a lot of information from having police officers and CPS workers in the same room.  She said some states also are moving toward more comprehensive courts, so that one judge sees a family for various issues.  "Every time the family comes back to court, it sees the same judge. Then the judge perhaps has a better understanding of ... what's been going on in family," she said.
 
Smith said she thinks communication is a strength of Cabell County as case workers, attorneys and providers involved in a case meet at least every 90 days. She said communication also persists between meetings.  She said the different groups work well together, even if it requires some "phone tag."  West Virginia Court Improvement Program Chair Gary Johnson thinks DHHR has made progress despite being understaffed. However, he said child abuse reports in West Virginia have "exploded" over the past several years, and training issues should continue to be addressed.  The Court Improvement Program will host three cross-discipline training sessions in the state over the next year, working with CPS workers, lawyers, prosecutors and others.
 
Johnson said West Virginia University also is conducting a multidisciplinary team study looking at how child placement recommendations are made to judges.  Johnson said various teams -- made up of attorneys, case workers, foster parents, third party reviewers or others -- reach their determinations differently. The WVU study will look at practices across the state and recommend the best in the hopes that a statewide system can be designed.  Also, Johnson said a "uniform case plan" will likely go into effect this spring. The plan would provide all state circuit judges with information concerning abused and neglected children, their history and placement possibilities.
 
Cabell County Chief Circuit Judge Alfred Ferguson said he sees two or three new cases involving child abuse or neglect each month, and thinks more services and programs are needed to help the state's children. He said more substance abuse and mental health services, in particular, are needed.  "Sometimes we don't have the sufficient facilities in West Virginia, and we have to send them outside the state," he said.  Some say more needs to be done to prevent these things from happening in the first place.  "Our current system virtually guarantees that children will be harmed because we wait until they are harmed to intervene," McKay said.

Parents at a Buffalo elementary school are demanding answers from school administrators News Four has learned a teacher claimed she witnessed a five year old boy with autism being molested by a teachers aide in mid-November. She notified the Principal..and the aide was moved to another classroom in the school for about two weeks.  Then..someone from the district gave clearance for the teachers aide to go back to his original classroom with the alleged victim. The district's Human Resources Director Joy Trotter has since been fired as a result of the case.
 
"When the allegation was made..the aide was removed..and put in another classroom..and put on restriction..and when Trotter came back and said that it was unfounded..the aide was put back."  From early December when the aide went back to the classroom until mid-February.. Nothing else came of the case. Then..the teacher realized nothing was being done..and called Child Protective Services..around February 23rd. CPS notified the child's parents of the incident.
One concerned parent, Kara Kane said,  "They weren't told until February. Are you kidding me?! ...That is just horrendous!"  Another parent, Sheila Gould said,  "The fact that they both remained in that classroom with that child is absolutely immoral. Whether it's an allegation that hasn't been founded yet or not."  Louis Petrucci a Buffalo School Board Member said,  "That person's supposed to be removed while the investigation occurs."
 
Buffalo Police were notified of the allegations at the end of February. They began investigating..and went to the school March 7th. That's when the aide was removed from the school for the investigation.  Margaret Ashe said,  "He was with my 5 year old in the auditorium up until this past Friday. You know.. kindergartners.. I had to have this uncomfortable conversation with my child. Did Mr. Whatever ever take you to the potty?"  We were unable to reach District officials to comment.

The head of the Buffalo Teacher's Union is calling for the Superintendent's resignation in the investigation into handling of a sexual abuse allegation in the Buffalo School District. -A seemingly upset Ralph Hernandez leaves the Buffalo School Board's Executive Sesssion Thursday apparently before getting answers to his questions about the chain of events surrounding a sex abuse allegation at Discovery School 67.  Ralph Hernandez, the School Board Vice President said, "There's a lot of allegations out there and we just want the truth. Did he read the letter?"
 
Hernandez is referring a certified letter sent to Schools Superintendent James Williams by Discovery School teacher Charlene Harris. Harris claims to have seen a teacher's aide sexual abusing a 5 year-old autistic child in the school's bathroom bathroom last November.  James Williams, the Buffalo Schools Superintendent said, "I did sign for the registered letter. But I don't open any mail. It must be sent to the right place."  Superintendent Williams claims his staff opened the letter and sent it to Human Resources. The district recently fired Joy Trotter for her handling of the matter.  James Williams:  "Mistakes were made, but you don't make a second mistake."
 
The teacher reported the alledged incident to the Principal in November. Buffalo Police didn't know about the case until late February.  Williams said,  "The teacher should have called Child Protective Services by law."  That statement brings this response from Teachers Union President Phil Rumore.  "The man should retire, he should resign, he should leave this district.  All he tries to do is blame things on everybody else. He has no honor. He's a dispicable human being."  Williams said, "When the systems fails, we all fail. I'm the superintendent and I have to make sure my subordinates are doing what they're supposed to do."
 
A Buffalo School Board member walked out of a meeting over the handling of sex abuse allegations at a city school Less than a half hour of going into executive session, Buffalo School Board member Ralph Hernandez left because Superintendent Dr. James Williams, refused to answer several of his questions; questions surrounding his knowledge of alleged sexual abuse that happened at School 67, last fall.  Ralph Hernandez said, "There's a lot of allegations out there and we just want the truth. We want him to tell us the truth. Did he read the letter, and if he didn't read it, why didn't he read it?"
 
Buffalo Schools Superintendent Dr. James Williams said, "This is the second largest district in the state. I have a staff they send it out to the right department."  And because of that Dr. Williams says he never read the certified letter sent to him by the Special Education teacher who witnessed the abuse. "Unfortunately the letter sent wasn't handled properly by the division head." That division head, was Human Resources Director Joy Trotter. She was fired. When asked who's at fault, Dr. Williams had this to say. "When the system fails we all fail. I'm the superintendent. I have to make sure my subordinates do what they're supposed to. What I'm looking at is that proper procedure wasn't followed."
 
Williams apologized the parents of the alleged victim. He went on to say the teacher should have contacted child protective services.
The Buffalo Teachers Federation president disagrees and is planning to picket outside the next school board meeting.
 
An outspoken member of the Buffalo Board of Education spoke out again about alleged sexual abuse Meanwhile, the superintendent explained why he never read a letter, he had to sign for, concerning the incident that happened last fall.  It's the latest controversy facing the Buffalo Public School system.  Why didn't Superintendent Dr. James Williams open a certified letter sent to the office regarding allegations of sexual abuse?  Dr. Williams says he doesn't open his mail. He says the letter from the teacher who witnessed the alleged abuse went to Human Resources Director Joy Trotter, who has since been terminated.
 
Board member Ralph Hernandez continues to demand answers about that sequence of events. At Wednesday night's board meeting, things got so heated another board member escorted Hernandez out of the executive session. Still, Hernandez says he wants to get to the bottom of how the system failed. Ralph Hernandez said, "There's a lot of allegations out there and we just want the truth. We want him to tell us the truth. Did he read the letter and if he didn't read it, why didn't he read it?"
 
Dr. James Williams said, "When the system fails, we all fail. I'm the superintendent and I have to make sure my subordinates are doing what they're supposed to do, and that's my job." -Ralph Herandez, School Board Member, "There's a lot of allegations out there and we just want the truth, we want him to tell us the truth. Did he read the letter and if he didn't read it why didn't he read it?" Hernandez is referring to Superintendent Dr. James Williams, who finally spoke out about the issue Wednesday night.
 
Dr. James Williams, Buffalo Schools Superintendent, "When the system fails we all fail, I'm the Superintendent and I have to make sure my subordinates are doing what they're supposed to do, and that's my job." Williams has come under fire for not opening a certified letter he signed for that allegedly detailed the abuse. Dr. James Williams, Buffalo Schools Superintendent, "I don't open my mail, period. We have staff to go through all my mail and they determine where it should go."
 
He says the letter from the teacher who witnessed the abuse went to Human Resources Director Joy Trotter, who has since been let go. But Williams says the ultimate blame lies with the teacher who witnessed the alleged abuse. Dr. James Williams, Buffalo Schools Superintendent, "A person that must report it is the person that saw the incident, and a teacher by law was required to report it."
 
Chris Jacobs, School Board Member, "All the people who needed to know already knew, the problem was they didn't react in the right way and use the right judgement on a situation of such severity."
The district announced it will re-educate administrators, staff, and teachers about reporting procedures for child abuse starting next month.
 
Parents continue to express their displeasure over how Buffalo school officials have handled an alleged case of sex abuse Superintendent Doctor James Williams says human resources manager Joy Trotter has been fired for not notifying him right away about an employee's alleged fondling of a young autistic boy back in November. Doctor Williams recently sent a letter to parents explaining the delay, but parents are still upset. Judy Macri-parent, "They had a responsibility to make sure our kids were safe. Months went by and our kids weren't safe."
 
In a recorded message, superintendent Williams never mentions names but says if he was made aware of the allegation sooner, the employee would have been removed immediately. BUFFALO, N.Y. (WIVB) - - Parents pick up their children knowing there is fallout from an allegation a 5 year-old autistic boy was fondled last November in the bathroom of Discovery School 67.  Buffalo Schools' Superintendent James Williams has fired the district's human resources director, Joy Trotter, for her handling of the allegation.
 
James Williams, Buffalo Public Schools' Superintendent, "A member of my staff was informed of this serious allegation almost four months ago but never notified law enforcement or the superintendent."
Superintendent Williams never mentions names in his recorded message but admits the situation should have been handled differently. James Williams, Buffalo Public Schools' Superintendent, "This allegation, true or not, should have immediately been reported to the Buffalo Police Department and the parents."
It's now Easter break.
 
Sean Kane, parent, "They put 560 children in harm's way."
However, the parents we spoke with are upset the allegation, first reported by a teacher to the school's principal in November, was not thoroughly investigated until a couple of weeks ago.
Amy Sieg, parent, "I know the teacher did say something, but she should gone an extra step too." Among other things, parents believe Buffalo Police should've been contacted right away.
 
Sean Kane, parent, "Everybody should have been suspended once this came to light. The principal should have been removed. The teacher should have beenr emoved, and the aide should have been removed."
However, police sources tell me they didn't learn of the alledged fondling until just recently, after the teacher who claimed to witness the incident, called a state hotline.
 
James Williams, Buffalo Public School's Superintendent, "Had I know abuot this serious allegation I would have persnally contacted the authorities and removed this individual from being anywhere near a student."
 
It appears a Buffalo school district employee has been fired over the handling of a sexual abuse allegation A five-year-old autistic boy was allegedly fondled by a teacher's aide in a Buffalo Public School bathroom in November. Now, a highly paid district employee has been fired, reportedly for the way she responded to that allegation. The school district is not confirming or denying a published report that Joy Trotter has been fired from her 95,000 dollar a year post as human resources director. It's believed Trotter botched the handling of the alleged incident. Many parents are outraged the fondling allegation only came to light in the last week and wonder why the principal didn't do more. Friday morning, a school district spokesperson gave me an update on the investigation.
 
Buffalo Schools spokesman Stefan Mychajliw said, "The investigation continues, it's ongoing. And depending on the information that's presented to the superintendent, that future disciplinary action is certainly a responsibility. I think it all depends on where the investigation goes and what information is presented to the superintendent and the Buffalo Board of Education." A teacher first reported in November that she saw the aide fondling the boy. That teacher then called a state hotline which contacted Buffalo Police who started an investigation in the last two weeks.
 
Parents wanted to give the school board an earful about alleged sexual abuse of a student Parents had to just sit on their hands.
Parents outraged at the allegations of sexual abuse at School 67 took their concerns to the Buffalo School Board Wednesday night, but they weren't heard because the deadline to speak was Tuesday.  Concerned parent Mike Digiacomo said, "We were told that a public discussion would be available on April 9th. In my opinion, that is far too long." News 4 has confirmed that a teacher at School 67 discovered the alleged abuse in November when a five-year-old autistic boy was taking a long time in the bathroom.
Buffalo Teachers Federation President Phil Rumore said, "She went in and saw, I think it was the teacher aide, holding the autistic boy's private parts."
 
Now four months later, parents got this letter from the school's principal, not saying what happened, but that it would be dealt with swiftly and severely. Digiacomo said, "If it was due to be handled swiftly and severely, the alleged perpetrator should have been removed from the school immediately."
 
Parents and community members are furious that they've just found out about sexual abuse allegations at School 67, four months after the alleged incident happened. Rev. Kinzer Pointer, former District-Parent Coordinator, "The reality that this has taken several months to get to this point scares the hell out of me." News 4 has confirmed that a teacher at School 67 discovered the alleged abuse in November when a five-year-old autistic boy was taking a long time in the bathroom.
 
Phil Rumore, BTF President, "She went in and saw, I think it was the teacher aide, holding the autistic boy's private parts."  Now four months later, parents got this letter from the school's principal, not saying what happened, but that it would be dealt with swiftly and severely. Mike DiGiacomo, concerned parent, "If it was due to be handled swiftly and and severely, the alleged perpetrator should have been removed from the school immediately."
 
Dawn Darling, parent, "I thought you were here to protect our children and obviously not."  Parents took their concerns to the Buffalo School Board tonight, but they weren't heard because the deadline to speak was Tuesday. Mike DiGiacomo, concerned parent, "We were told that a public discussion would be available on April 9th, in my opinion that is far too long."
 
Some Buffalo Public School parents are outraged by what allegedly took place in a bathroom at Discovery School 67 in South Buffalo.  Ed Bednarz, parent, "Cause I have kids. A 4 year-old and a 6 year-old. If indeed that's what's happening. It just makes you sick to your stomach."  News 4 has confirmed a teacher became concerned when a 5 year-old autistic child seemed to be in a bathroom little too long.
 
Phil Rumore, Buffalo Teachers Federation (BTF) President, "She went in and saw, I think it was the teacher aide, holding the autistic boy's private parts."  The alledged incident involving the aid took place in a bathroom in November, and now many parents are wondering why it took so long to come to light.  Dawn Darling, parent, "I'm furious. Furious. And you knew about this how many months ago?"  Almost 4 months later, parents are just now getting letters about the allegation.
 
Dawn Darling, parent, "I thought you were here to protect our children and obviously not."  BTF President Phil Rumore says the teacher reported what she saw right away to the principle, the teacher writes the adult was not suspended and charged with sexual abuse. Without another witness to support my statements and the abuser's denial of my charges, my allegations were labeled unfounded.
 
Phil Rumore, Buffalo Teachers Federation (BTF) President, "You don't touch a young boy's private parts." Until a few days ago, the aide was in the same classroom with the teacher and the student. Rumore wonders why, if the allegation had been made against a teacher. Phil Rumore, Buffalo Teachers Federation (BTF) President, "That teacher would have been immediately sent home and put on administrative leave."
 
The Buffalo Police Department's sex offense squad is investigating and may turn over its findings to the District Attorney's Office in the next week or so. There are questions about whether proper procedures were followed by the school. The school board may take up the matter Wednesday evening.
 

Defending Against False Accusations of Abuse Defending against false allegations requires a minimum of one person who actually believes that the accusers are lying.

First, we must identify the complications associated with false allegations:

1. People are more inclined to sympathize with a person claiming to be a victim without questioning.

2. People are likely to rushing to a judgment of hatred against the falsely accused without questioning.

3. The false accusers plan their plot. They don't make their case straight from the nowhere.

3.1. They set a scene likely to create probable grounds. 3.2. They choose a communication channel likely to add momentum to their case.

3.3. They may avoid reporting to police directly to avoid questioning and get the police persuade them to tell the story as opposed to them pressuring the police to buy it.

3.4. The police will do everything they can to support the case, including outright distortions of your response, torture. 3.5. Your lawyer is a crimal defense lawyer, so at least 80% of his clients are criminals who are taught to deny everything and leave it to the complainants to prove their case.

3.6. Some criminals may be sent to track you down and have a means of getting your personal information or anything that may suggest credibility to their further false claims of criminal behavior by you.

3.7. There is incentive, be it monetary, pardon for petty offenses or other for "giving information to the police leading to an arrest and or conviction" so people we make up all forms of things about you.

3.8. You may be open to direct abuse by anyone, including your employers, doctors, etc.

3.9. Their defense, "when you show your face to the police they will arrest you and throw you into a jail together with criminals".

3.10 Once you are from jail, that's all they need to call you a criminal whether you have been there for one hour or 24hours.

The list is endless. As soon as you hear about the allegations, say NO and stop talking about anything to anyone. It is very difficult, people will start by saying, we know they are lying, don't talk. Talk to someone you trust and find good lawyer who believes you. Press for investigations against the "accuser."

More input from other contributors:

There really is no tried and true defense against these allegations. I spent time in prison for a false accusation made 17 years ago by a 17 yr old, and have just lost my fiance due to his grown children's discovery of my criminal background. He has known everything for 13 years and believes in my innocence, but they don't want him to marry "someone like that and ruin their future" and swear to cut him out of their lives entirely if he follows through with the marriage. There is no real defense against these accusatons. People will believe what they choose, and litle of what they believe will actually revolve around guilt or innocence, but rather, their personal attitudes toward abuse. It's always easier to believe someone is guilty and condemn them than it is to go to the trouble to believe in their innocence and the shortcomings of our justice system.

The best defense is always taking the offensive, especially in the legal arena. The person(s) or agency making the allegations should be forced to come forward with substantiated facts proving their claim. If one is not up to forcing the issue themselves they should retain legal counsel or at the very least get legal advice from a qualified attorney; one who practices in the field of domestic and/or child abuse issues. The accused should try to document his or her whereabouts on dates that the alleged abuse occurred, including person he or she may have spoken with in person or by phone, who can if necessary testify of his presence at said time. Things such as doctor appointments, being at work, even the weather conditions, things that might seem insignificant in the present, may be extremely important if it becomes necessary to present a defense against criminal charges and/or civil action.

A 19-year-old Austin woman is in jail after police said she shook her baby so hard he may suffer lifelong brain damage  Toni Rene Martinez faces a first-degree felony charge of child abuse after disciplining her son for wetting himself at the Austin Suites Hotel over the weekend. She could face up to 99 years in prison.
 
Martinez's 2-year-old son is in stable condition at Dell Children's Medical Center, police said.  Police said her age may have played a factor in this case, but they went on to say that child abuse cases such as this one are unusual, because the mother is behind the crime. 
 
"The original story was that the child was going to take a bath, the mother walked out of the bathroom, and heard a loud thud and walked back into the bathroom, and the child wasn't responsive," said police Sgt. Brian Loyd.  Police officers went back to interview Martinez again after doctors told them there was no way the boy had suffered his injuries in a fall.
 
"The child had wet his pants, and she became angry with the child, and began shaking him and slapping him," Loyd said.  The woman told detectives she threw her son into the bathtub, where he then struck his head. She went to get him some clothing and returned to find him motionless. She picked him up and shoved him once again and threw water into his face.  Police said Martinez panicked after injuring the child and made up a lie.  She has been investigated previously by Child Protective Services, but the agency would not disclose why.
 
Police said they believe Martinez was living alone at the North Austin hotel after moving out of her parents' house.  "Age is always a real big factor in these cases," Loyd said. "Young mothers alone in a stressful situation, they just snap."  Doctors said if the boy survives, he will suffer brain damage.  His father, who is on active duty in the military, has been notified about the incident.  Police said if the child survives, CPS will try to place him with someone in his immediate family.

A Hutto father was charged with murder in the death of his 2-month-old son.  Joshua Swain, 18, was arrested on Friday.  Swain told investigators in an interview that he was at his home in Hutto, taking care of his son, when he became angry with the baby and began shaking him.  According to the affidavit, Swain demonstrated his actions by taking a doll under each armpit and "violently shaking it back and forth."
 
The infant was transported to Dell Children's Medical Center, but after examining him, doctors found trauma to the brain that was consistent with shaken-baby syndrome. Doctors said there was no brain activity, so the family decided to take the baby off of life support.  Physicians said they see several children every year who come in with inflicted head trauma.  "The majority of children die of abuse die as a result of head injuries, and those children for the most part are less than 12 months of age," said Dr. George Edwards.
 
Jennifer Crockett, a neighbor with young children, said she hopes other parents will realize the consequences of shaking a baby.  "Maybe other people will pay attention and understand that this is murder," Crockett said. "You're killing. It doesn't matter how you felt at the time when you did it. You still killed him, and you're responsible."  Hutto police said they are still investigating the incident.  Swain is a Hutto High School graduate.
 

Termination of parent-child relationship is proper when child's emotional and physical development is threatened, and court need not wait until child is irreversibly harmed such that his physical, mental and social development is permanently impaired before terminating relationship. West's A.I.C. 31-6-5-4(c). In re A.A.C., 682 N.E.2d 542 (Ind. Ct. App. 1997).

 

Clear and convincing evidence standard: County department of social services failed to establish by clear and convincing evidence either that it discharged its statutory duty to exercise diligent efforts to encourage and strengthen the parental relationship, or that mother failed to maintain contact with or plan for the child's future; mother was Polish immigrant, and department of social services failed to arrange interpreter services which would have allowed mother to communicate with child, and failed to ensure that mother maintained enrollment in English classes or to provide mother with Polish-speaking therapist. New York Social Services Law § 384-b7(a). In re Richard W, 696 N.Y.S.2d 298 (App. Div. 3d Dep't 1999); West's Key Number Digest, Infants 156.

 

For parent-child relationship to be terminated, it must be proved by clear and convincing evidence that parent has knowingly endangered physical or emotional well being of child and that termination of parent-child relationship is in best interest of child; parent's religious beliefs, teachings, and practice, in and of themselves, are not grounds for terminating parental rights, unless teachings and practices of beliefs are illegal, immoral, or demonstrably harmful to child; clear and convincing evidence supported termination of mother's parental rights for failing to give seizure medication to one child, hitting one child to point of bruising him, and disappearing for at least a year; evidence indicated that one child suffered from past physical and sexual abuse, and caseworkers testified that termination was in best interest of children. Maltos v Texas Dep't of Protective & Regulatory Servs. (1996, Tex App San Antonio) 937 SW2d 560.

 

Once trial court has found that there has been an incident of serious child abuse, it is incumbent upon trial court to enter sufficiently detailed findings of fact explaining why a parent's rights are nonetheless to be preserved. U.C.A.1953, 78-3a-407; 78-3a-408 (1995). State in Interest of M.C., 940 P.2d 1229 (Utah Ct. App. 1997).

could THIS put real faces on the cycle of child abuse and how local Child Protective Services and court officials try to intervene Although judges in children's court usually consider the question of whether to terminate parental rights, in this case a jury will decide if the parents of an 8-month-old boy who suffered extensive injuries last spring and was removed by CPS should lose those rights.  Attorneys for the state and the children hope Raven Sherette Riley and Mark Anthony Ibarra permanently lose that child and his younger sister.
 
Xavier "could have easily been another child death. I'm pleased he was removed when he was," said Sally Justice, court-appointed attorney for Xavier and his sister. "No child should be battered like this child was. This trial is an example of how important it is to break the cycle of child abuse."  Last April, Xavier Ibarra was hospitalized with extensive injuries — fractures on the skull, arm and shoulder at different stages of healing and various injuries and bruises all over his body, according to court records.
 
Both Riley, who was four months pregnant with her daughter at the time, and her boyfriend, Mark Anthony Ibarra, told police that Xavier had a history of falling off the couch and even hit himself with a rattle, causing a black eye and bruising on the cheek. Riley admitted only to the fracture and was indicted for injury to a child and released on bond, according to court records. Her criminal case is pending. Court records also show that Riley, who first became pregnant at 17, and her siblings suffered extensive abuse and neglect as children.
After Xavier was removed from his parents, CPS allowed visits, but a judge stopped those because Xavier would cry for an hour when in the same room with his mother, according to court documents. Ibarra was released by law enforcement, but a CPS investigation found that he has a documented history of assault on a family member. The investigation also revealed a history of domestic violence between Riley and Ibarra.
 
CPS had previous involvement with the family. According to court records, allegations were made that Xavier was suffering physical abuse as a newborn, but a CPS investigation ruled out abuse. Dennis Moreno, Riley's court-appointed attorney, said Riley is seeking custody of her children. He declined to comment further, except to confirm that Riley was the product of the state's child welfare system. Child experts say parents who were abused and neglected as children are more likely to abuse their own children. One-third of abused and neglected children eventually continue the cycle, according to Child Help, a national child abuse and prevention organization.
 
"We see it in the news all the time. CPS takes a child away and then 10 years later, that parent abuses again," said Norma Cuellar-Hicks, executive director of Healthy Families San Antonio, a local parenting support organization that works to help locals in this situation. Cuellar-Hicks said one of their first questions for new clients is if they were abused or neglected as a child. She said, "It's time that we recognize that taking a child away from a family is not the end of the abuse story. There's still a parent there that has the ability to have other children in the future and continue that cycle."

An order terminating parental rights will stand only if it is found that there is no viable alternative to termination of parental rights. When acting on a nonparent's petition to terminate parental rights, court must find (1) that the child is dependent, and (2) that there exists no viable alternative to termination and here, second prong of this test was not addressed. G.D.M. v. State, 655 So2d 1020 (Ala Civ App 1995).

 

The decision to terminate parental rights involves a two-step process: first, the court must determine whether there is present clear and convincing evidence of parental misconduct or inability; second, if the court so finds, the court then considers whether termination of parental rights is in the best interest of the child, after considering the child's physical, mental, emotional, and moral condition and needs, including the need for a secure and stable home. Georgia Code § 15-11-81(a, b). In re L.H., 236 Ga. App. 132, 511 S.E.2d 253 (1999); West's Key Number Digest, Infants 178.

 

Constitutional challenge to statute: Section of Adoption Act permitting termination of parental rights based upon finding of "other neglect of or misconduct toward the child" defined proscribed conduct in manner encouraging arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement, as element of void-for-vagueness analysis; lack of definitions of "neglect" and "misconduct" afforded state's attorneys unfettered latitude, at least in the first instance, to define such terms and to seek termination of parental rights based thereon. 750 Illinois Compiled Statutes Annotated 50/1(D)(h). In re D.F., 321 Ill. App. 3d 211, 254 Ill. Dec. 825, 748 N.E.2d 271 (4th Dist. 2001), appeal allowed, 195 Ill. 2d 579, 258 Ill. Dec. 94, 755 N.E.2d 477 (2001); West's Key Number Digest, Constitutional Law 274(5).

 

Trial court properly considered 14-year-old child's preference to be reunited with his mother and with his siblings' father in proceeding in which court issued order terminating mother's parental rights; court stated its belief that child's dreams for his future would not survive return to mother's care and stated that, although child would experience sadness and grief over loss of mother as active participant in his life, termination of mother's parental rights would allow child to enjoy remaining years of childhood without acting as surrogate parent to his siblings. Matter of Welfare of D.J.N., 568 N.W.2d 170 (Minn. Ct. App. 1997).

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